What does "traffic calming" refer to?

Traffic calming refers to a variety of measures designed specifically to reduce vehicle speeds and enhance safety in roadways, particularly in areas frequented by pedestrians, cyclists, and other non-motorized users. These measures can include physical alterations to the roadway, such as speed bumps, narrowed lanes, roundabouts, and chicanes, which are implemented to encourage drivers to slow down and be more aware of their surroundings. The primary goal of traffic calming is to create a safer environment for all users, decreasing the likelihood of accidents and making streets more accessible for pedestrians and cyclists.

While increasing the number of lanes on a roadway or placing more traffic lights may address certain traffic flow issues, they do not inherently contribute to enhancing safety or reducing vehicle speeds. Similarly, improving roadway aesthetics does not directly impact traffic safety or speed, making it different from the core intention of traffic calming measures.